超声应用于超重质渣油降黏的实验研究

渣油因具有密度大、黏度高和流动性差的特性,给加工和运输带来很大困难,因此,渣油降黏意义重大。首先对比水浴加热和超声降黏的特点,采用响应曲面法设计实验,研究了超声作用时间、功率和作用方式对超重质渣油降黏规律的影响,然后通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪研究渣油超声降黏机理,最后进行黏度恢复性实验。结果表明,超声作用对超重质渣油降黏效果显著,其中功率和作用时间是显著性因素,当功率为900W,作用时间为14min,超声工作方式为工作2s间歇2s时,降黏效果最好,降黏率将达到63.95%。红外光谱分析结果表明,超声处理后渣油中轻组分有所增加。黏度恢复性实验结果表明,降黏效果保持良好。

Experimental Study of Viscosity Reduction of Ultra-heavy Residual oil with Ultrasonic

Due to its characteristics of large density,high viscosity and poor mobility,the processing and transportation of residual oil are difficult and challengings,Therefore the viscosity reduction of residual oil is of great significance.Comparing the characteristics of oil bath heating with ultrasonic viscosity reduction,the viscosity reduction rule was experimentally studied by using Response Surface Method under conditions of changing the ultrasonic exposure time,power and mode of action,The mechanism of ultrasonic viscosity reduction was studied by using the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,and the viscosity retentivity experiment was carried out at last.The experimental results show that the effect of ultrasonic on the viscosity reduction of ultra-heavy residual oil is significant,for the ultrasonic power and exposure time are the significant factors affecting the viscosity reduction rate of residual oil.The effect of ultrasonic on viscosity reduction is best under the condition of ultrasonic power 900 W,exposure time 14 minutes and action mode of exposure time 2 s and interrupting time 2 s.The viscosity reduction rate will reach up to 63.95％.The infrared spectroscopy results show that light component in residual oil increases.The viscosity retentivity experiment results show that the viscosity reduction effect remains very satisfactory.