Reinforced concrete beams with web openings: A state of the art review |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43000 Selangor, Malaysia;2. Department of Civil Engineering, University Malaya, 50603 KL, Malaysia;1. Ministry of Construction and Housing and Public Municipalities, Projects Dept., 10071 Baghdad, Iraq;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey;3. Department of Civil Engineering, Fahad Bin Sultan University, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia;1. School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Red Sea University, Port-Sudan, Sudan;3. College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;1. M.Sc. student, Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq;2. Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China;2. School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;3. School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China |
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| Abstract: | The construction of modern buildings requires many pipes and ducts in order to accommodate essential services such as air conditioning, electricity, telephone, and computer network. Web openings in concrete beams enable the installation of these services. A number of studies have been conducted with regards to reinforced concrete beams which contain web openings. The present paper aims to compile this state of the art work on the behaviour, analysis and design of Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams with transverse web openings. A variety of aspects will be highlighted and discussed including the classification of openings, guidelines for opening location, and the structural behaviour of RC beams with web openings. Various design approaches will also be detailed, for example the American Concrete Institute (ACI) approach, the Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ) approach and the strut and tie method. Moreover, the strengthening of RC beams with openings using Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) material and steel plates is presented. Finally, directions for future research based on the gaps which exist in the present work are presented. |
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