一种航天器运动机构O形轴向动密封摩擦阻力研究

针对航天器一种常用的多道冗余O形轴向动密封摩擦阻力偏大的问题，对密封圈压缩率、金属配副表面摩擦因数、装配状态等因素进行仿真和试验研究。通过试验获得密封圈压缩率与摩擦阻力的关系；建立密封圈橡胶材料与轴孔摩擦仿真模型，通过分析获得O形密封圈与不同金属副动摩擦因数可能存在关系，并通过轴孔模拟试验验证仿真结果。通过密封圈磨损部位及应力分析，探究密封圈磨损原因。结果表明：摩擦阻力随密封圈压缩率的增大呈非线性增大趋势，且压缩率越大，摩擦阻力增幅越明显，因此降低密封圈压缩率可有效降低摩擦阻力；影响密封结构摩擦阻力的关键因素在于轴与密封圈之间的摩擦因数，通过在轴表面涂覆润滑膜层，可有效降低主轴摩擦因数，从而降低摩擦阻力。

Study on Friction Resistance of O-type Axial Dynamic Seal for a Moving Mechanism of Spacecraft

Aimed at the problem of high friction resistance in a common multi-channel redundant O-ring axial dynamic seal for spacecraft,simulation and experimental research were conducted on factors such as sealing ring compression rate,surface friction coefficient of metal pair,and assembly status.The relationship between the compression ratio of the sealing ring and the friction resistance was obtained through the test.The friction simulation model between the rubber material of seal ring and the shaft hole was established,the possible relationship between the dynamic friction coefficient of O-ring and different metal pairs was obtained through analysis and simulation test,and the simulation results were verified through the shaft hole simulation test.The results show that the friction resistance increases nonlinearly with the increase of compression rate of O-ring,and the larger the compression rate,the more significant the increase in friction resistance.Therefore,reducing the compression rate of the sealing ring can effectively reduce friction resistance.The key factor affecting the friction resistance of the sealing structure is the friction coefficient between the shaft and the sealing ring.By coating a lubricating film on the surface of the shaft,the friction coefficient of the main shaft can be effectively reduced,thereby reducing the friction resistance.