山区高速列车车体动态当量泄漏面积阈值

针对静态气密参数无法真实反映列车过隧道时的气密性能问题和车内压力舒适性问题，基于一维可压缩非定常不等熵流动模型的广义黎曼变量特征线法，数值模拟列车过隧道时的车外压力波动. 对泄漏的空气质量流量进行修正，采用当量泄漏面积法模拟高速列车通过隧道时的车内压力. 以山区高速铁路为背景，研究中国某型号动车组车体动态当量泄漏面积阈值，提出列车符合不同舒适性标准时的动态当量泄漏面积阈值建议. 结果表明：车内压力符合1 000 Pa/10 s标准下的当量泄漏面积更小，列车当量泄漏面积阈值的最小值随着车速的增加而减小，头、尾车和中间车当量泄漏面积阈值的建议值分别为23.2和45.6 cm².

Maximum dynamic equivalent leakage area while high-speed train passing through tunnels

The external pressure of coaches was simulated based on one-dimensional, compressible, non-homentropic and unsteady flow model and the method of characteristics of generalized Riemann variables aiming at problems of static air tightness parameters being not able to truly reflect air tightness performance and inside pressure comfort when the train passing through tunnels. The leaked air mass flow was corrected, and the equivalent leakage area method was used to obtain the interior pressure while the high-speed train passing through the tunnel. The maximum dynamic equivalent leakage area values of the different coaches were analyzed based on the background of Mountain passenger dedicated line while the pressure inside coaches meeting different comfort standards. The recommended dynamic equivalent leakage area values for the single train meeting different comfort standards at different speeds were given. The dynamic equivalent leakage area is the smallest when the pressure inside cars meets the standard of 1 000 Pa/10 s. The minimum equivalent leakage area values decrease with the increase of train speed. The recommended threshold values of the equivalent leakage area for the first/last and middle coaches are 23.2 cm² and 45.6 cm², respectively.