细粒沉积岩研究中几个值得关注的问题

细粒沉积岩中蕴含着丰富的油气资源，但其研究程度远低于粗碎屑岩，尤其在岩石分类、岩相划分 和脆性评价等方面的研究相对薄弱。 以 X 射线衍射数据为基础，以碳酸盐矿物、黏土矿物和长英质矿物 为三端元，将细粒沉积岩划分为 4 类 12 种岩石类型，再根据特殊矿物含量进行具体命名。 细粒沉积岩 岩相学侧重于研究不同岩相的物质组成、结构构造、储层物性、烃源岩特征及含油性等，以便优选优势岩 相，并寻找油气“甜点”。 脆性影响细粒沉积岩压裂改造的效果，目前常用岩石组分法和力学参数法对其 进行评价，二者在准确性、经济性及便捷性上各有优缺点，应尝试建立一种能够准确而合理地表征岩石 脆性的新方法。

Several issues in studies on fine-grained sedimentary rocks

There are huge oil and gas resources in fine-grained sedimentary rocks. Researchers pay less attention to it compared to coarser sediments. Classification, lithofacies and brittleness evaluation of fine-grained sedimentary rocks remain a relatively weak research field. Based on the X-ray diffraction data, fine-grained sedimentary rocks were divided into 12 types of rock in four main categories by means of a three-unit division system. The three units are carbonate minerals, clay minerals and felsic minerals. Meanwhile, fine-grained sedimentary rocks were named according to the concrete content of special mineral. The study of lithofacies is mainly focused on the differences in components, texture, structure, reservoir physical properties, source rock character and oil-bearing property. A great emphasis should be placed on sedimentary environment, sedimentary progress and dynamical mechanism of different lithofacies to identify advantaged lithofacies for oil and gas exploration. Brittleness of fine-grained sedimentary rocks is of vital significance to the fracturing effect. Due to the demerits of elastic parameters method and mineral constituent method which are commonly used to evaluate the brittleness of fine-grained sedimentary rocks, a new accurate and rational method should be proposed.