An Integrated Power Supply System for Low Power 3.3 V Electronics Using On-Chip Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells |
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| Authors: | Frank M Kuhl M Erdler G Freund I Manoli Y Muller C Reinecke H |
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| Affiliation: | Dept. of Microsyst. Eng. (IMTEK), Univ. of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; |
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| Abstract: | A stabilized power supply realized by chip-integrated micro fuel cells within an extended CMOS process is presented in this paper. The fuel cell system delivers a maximum power output of 450 ? W/cm2. The electronic control circuitry consists of an LDO, an on-chip oscillator and a programmable timing network. The core system consumes an average power of 620 nW. The system reaches a current efficiency of up to 92% and provides a constant output voltage of 3.3 V. |
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