Gemini Surfactants Foam Formation Ability and Foam Stability Depends on Spacer Length |
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Authors: | Edyta Kuliszewska Lothar Brecker |
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Affiliation: | 1. http://www.icso.com.pl+48‐77487‐3346+48‐77487‐3060;2. Surfactants Department, Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, , 47‐300 Kedzierzyn‐Kozle, Poland;3. Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, , A‐1090 Wien, Austria |
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Abstract: | A series of cationic gemini surfactants containing different spacer length were synthesized and analyzed structurally. It was shown that the surface tension (σ) and critical micelle concentration (CMC), which had a maximum for the n-C4H8 spacer depended on the spacer length. The foaming ability and foam stability are high for the gemini surfactants with short spacers (C2H4 to n-C4H8), while longer spacers lead to a distinct decrease of these foam parameters. Foaming properties are discussed in terms of configuration and conformation of a surfactant molecule and in relation to micellization state kinetic. |
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Keywords: | Foaming properties Gemini surfactants Surface activity |
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