Fever after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for patients with upper urinary tract calculi associated with bacteriuria before treatment

Twenty five patients with vesicovaginal fistulae were managed at St. Gaspar Hospital, Itigi, Tanzania between February 1993 and March 1994. Most of them, 92% were repaired vaginally routinely using the Martius labial flap and 8% were repaired transabdominally because the fistulae were inaccessible vaginally as they were vesicouterine or vesicocervical fistulae. The success rate was 96% after the first operative attempt.