Use of seasonally freezing heave-prone soils as beds for underground structures

Results are cited for field investigations of the deformation of underground tunnels constructed in vigorously heaving soils in Omsk. A design scheme is proposed for tunnels subject to nonuniform frost heaving over the length of their foundation beds. The feasibility and economy of using backfill as foundation beds during installation of underground structures are demonstrated.Translated from Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, No. 1, pp. 26–29, January–February, 2005.