Theoretical modelling of the effect of surface active species on the mass transfer rates in bubble column reactors

The complex composition of the liquid media in bubble column reactors makes their understanding and theoretical modelling challenging. In this work we have studied the effect of surface tension and contaminants, salts, on the mass transfer rates from a theoretical point of view, looking for a deeper understanding on the effect of surface active species which usually reduce surface tension and modify bubble surface behaviour. The specific contact area is obtained using a population balance where the effect of the presence of contaminants is addressed by the proper theoretical closures for bubble coalescence efficiency, for partially and fully immobile surfaces, and bubble break-up. Meanwhile, the contribution of contaminants to the liquid-film resistance is implemented as function of the coverage of the surface of the bubbles. It was found that the degree of bubble surface coverage not only affects bubble coalescence but also their break-up. The ion strength defines bubbles stability and the critical Weber number can be predicted as function of ion strength. Furthermore, the mass transfer rates are function of the surface coverage by the electrolytes. The model was able to predict k_La taking into account the fact that the concentration profiles surrounding individual bubbles are not completely developed due to the presence of other bubbles, in agreement with previous results from the literature.