基于图像处理的高炉炉缸死铁层中焦粒信息分析

高炉铁口水平线下(死铁层区)死料堆的位置、大小、孔隙度、更新速度等直接决定铁水及炉渣在炉缸内的流动方式,同时影响炉缸传热、耐材的侵蚀、铁水及渣的排出速度等。使用图像处理技术对莱钢1 880m3高炉浸入死铁层中死料柱下部形状、孔隙度、焦粒尺寸、形貌分布等关键信息进行了提取。通过分析计算得到死料柱下部焦层二维孔隙度为56.73%。该区域焦粒平均粒度为15.3mm,缩减了约70%。通过形貌分析发现炉缸死铁层中焦炭更接近椭球状,该现象说明自炉顶装入后焦炭各方向消耗速度不一致,具有明显的取向性。该高炉内渣铁通过炉缸该区域死料柱焦粒过程中,水平方向与竖直方向冲刷程度较深。有助于对高炉炉缸"黑箱"进行信息解析,进一步加深操作者对于高炉冶炼过程中死料柱下部及炉缸工作状态的认知。

Analysis of coke particles in salamander of blast furnace hearth based on image processing technology

The position, size, porosity, renewal speed and other properties of the deadman under blast furnace tap hole play a decisive role in the flow mode of molten iron and slag in the hearth, which affecting the key issues such as hearth heat transfer, erosion of refractory materials, discharge speed of molten iron and slag. Through image processing technology, the shape, porosity, coke size and morphology distribution of the lower part of the deadman immersed in the hot metal of 1 880 m3 blast furnace in Laigang were studied. Through the analysis and calculation, the two-dimensional porosity of the lower part of the deadman immersed in hot metal is 56.73%. The average particle size of coke in this area is 15.3 mm, which reduces about 70%. From the analysis of the morphology, it is found that the coke in this area is closer to the ellipsoid shape, which shows that the consumption rate of coke in all directions is inconsistent after loading from the top of the furnace, and it has an obvious orientation. It can be concluded that in the process of slag and hot metal passing through the hearth, the degradation in horizontal and vertical direction is deep. This work is helpful for the information analysis of the "black box" of the blast furnace hearth and helps to further deepen the operators′ cognition for the working state of the deadman lower part and the hearth in the blast furnace.