加热温度对气溶胶化学成分释放的影响

为分析气溶胶化学成分释放与加热温度的关系，制备了不同加热温度的中心和周向加热烟具，采用GC、GC-MS-MS测定了不同加热温度下气溶胶中水分、发烟剂、烟碱和香气成分的组成和释放量，结合系统聚类分析研究了化学成分释放量与加热温度间的关系。结果表明：(1)两种加热方式下，气溶胶大部分化学成分释放量随加热温度的升高而增加。(2)对于中心加热方式，300和380°C是关键的转折点；随温度升高气溶胶中化学成分按照释放量变化可分为7类（R1～R7），其中，大部分化合物聚类于R1和R2，分别占总化合物数量的33.9%和23.2%，均符合指数增长模型，释放量分别在高于250、300°C时明显增加；对于周向加热方式，190和250°C是关键的转折点，气溶胶中化学成分按照释放量变化可分为5类(C1～C5），大部分化合物聚类在C1、C2和C3，分别占总化合物数量的26.1%、21.7%和23.9%，分别符合二阶多项式、线性和指数模型，其中，C3类中的化合物在高于200°C时释放量增速明显。选择合适的加热温度是优化加热卷烟烟气气溶胶口味和香气的关键因素。

Effects of heating temperature on releases of chemical components in aerosol

In order to establish the relationships between the releases of chemical components in aerosol and heating temperature, central and peripheral electric heaters with different heating temperatures were prepared, and the ratios and releases of moisture, atomization agents, nicotine and aroma components in the aerosol at different heating temperatures were determined by gas chromatography(GC)and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS-MS). The relationships between the releases of chemical components and heating temperatures were studied by hierarchical cluster analysis. The results showed that: 1)The releases of most chemical components increased with the rise of heating temperature under the two heating modes. 2)For the central heating mode, 300 ℃ and 380 ℃ were the key turning points. The chemical components in aerosol could be clustered into seven groups(R1 to R7)according to their release variations with the rising temperature, among them most compounds could be clustered in R1 and R2, accounting for 33.9% and 23.2% of the total number of compounds respectively. They could all be fitted into an exponential growth model, and their releases increased significantly when the temperatures were higher than 250 ℃ and 300 ℃ respectively. For the peripheral heating mode, 190 ℃ and 250 ℃ were the key turning points, and the chemical components in aerosol could be clustered into five groups(C1 to C5)according to their release variations with the rising temperature, among them most compounds were clustered in C1, C2 and C3, accounting for 26.1%, 21.7% and 23.9% of the total number of compounds, which were fitted into second-order polynomial, linear and exponential models respectively. The releases of compounds in Group C3 increased significantly at higher than 200 ℃. These results suggested that selecting suitable heating temperature was critical for optimizing aerosol taste and flavor of heated tobacco products based on the same tobacco material.