氮素对烤烟基因型间香味基础物质及相关性状的影响

为研究氮素对不同烤烟基因型香味基础物质及相关性状的影响。以高香气烤烟新品系8306、高香气杂交种Y892和常规烤烟品种K326、中烟100 为材料,对不同氮肥水平下不同香气特征基因型烤烟的质体色素含量、叶面分泌物含量等香味基础物质相关性状的变化特征和差异进行了分析。结果表明,中氮水平下,各基因型类胡萝卜素含量最高;8306 和Y892类胡萝卜素的积累速度要高于K326 和中烟100;中氮处理的叶面分泌物含量在各个叶龄期均高于低氮处理和高氮处理;8306和Y892 在中部烟叶叶面分泌物含量最高期高于K326 和中烟100;不同基因型烤烟氮素的代谢积累有较大差别;不同基因型烤后烟叶中性香气基础物质总量,随氮用量增加8306 的含量升高,K326 的含量降低。以提高烟叶香气基础物质含量为目标的栽培管理中要根据品种特点进行氮肥运筹。

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on Basal Aroma Components and Related Characters in Different Flue-cured Tobacco

In order to reveal the effect of nitrogen fertilization on basal aroma components and related character in different flue-cured tobacco, by use of variety 8306, Y892, K326, ZY100 as experimental material, dynamic content of chromoplast pigmen, leaf surface secretion and petroleum ether extract were determined in various nitrogen application rates. The results showed that four materials had the highest carotenoid content at medium nitrogen rate. Aroma material of 8306 and Y892 with higher aroma had higher carotenoid accumulation rate than K326 and ZY100. The leaf surface secretion in medium nitrogen rate was higher than that in low and high nitrogen treatments during leaf development. The leaf surface secretion of 8306 and Y892 was significantly higher than K326 and ZY100 in 40d of middle leaf ages. There were different nitrogen metabolism and accumulation in different genotypes of tobacco. The total contents of neutral aroma components increased with the increasing of nitrogen rate in the flue-cured leaves of 8306, K326 showed the inverse trend. Tobacco cultivation and management to improve the aroma should take different nitrogen application rates according to difference of genotypes to improve the aroma.