典型火炮静刚度分析与改进设计

炮架是火炮的支撑部件，其静刚度对火炮的射击精度有重要影响。基于典型火炮结构的相似性，首先建立适用于典型火炮炮架的简化力学模型，提出检验典型炮架静刚度的评估方法。根据火炮力学模型建立典型火炮初始设计的有限元模型，进行多工况下的静力计算，获得了炮架的刚度性能、位移云图及应力云图，讨论了火炮炮架在不同工况下的变形特征和薄弱环节；其次，根据炮架的变形特征和薄弱环节，采用“改进-评估-再改进”的不断改进优化的策略，最终给出一个较为满意的设计方案。与原设计方案相比，新方案在重量略有增加的条件下，刚度有较大幅度提高，对火炮性能提升有很明显的作用。该研究对火炮炮架的静刚度分析与设计具有一定的参考意义。

Improved Design and Analysis for Static Stiffness of the Gun Mount

As the supporting parts of artillery, the stiffness of the mount has a great impact on the shooting accuracy of the artillery. The mechanical model and evaluation of gun mount static stiffness analysis are proposed. According to the initial design for a typical artillery mount, the finite element model is established and the simulation analysis of the mount static stiffness are carried out, stiffness properties, contours of displacement and stress of the gun mount are obtained. The deformation characteristics and the weak parts of the gun mount in different conditions are discussed. Based on the deformation characteristics and the weak parts, a satisfactory design is obtained with the strategy of “improvement - assessment - improvement”. Compared with the original design, the stiffness has a relatively large increase with the weight increasing slightly. The study has a positive effect for analysis and design of the mount static stiffness.