剖面浮标变体积油囊式浮力调节系统设计

为精准控制剖面浮标的垂向运动，提出一种可精确控制油量的变体积油囊式浮力调节系统，包含外油囊、增压油箱、密封性能良好的电磁球阀和可调节转速的液压泵等组件。采用拉线位移传感器实时采集增压油箱液面位置实现油量监控，并对外油囊体积进行高精度闭环反馈控制；设计极低泄漏量的液压系统，实现系统在待机状态下浮力保持长期稳定。为精确控制浮力调节系统，构建控制系统数学模型，引入比例积分微分（Proportional Integral Differential，PID）控制算法，并采用Simulink进行稳定性仿真。试验结果表明，系统可实现浮力精确控制，最大超调量低于1%，稳定性与响应速度均符合预期，验证了控制策略的可靠性。

Design of Variable Volume Oil Bladder Buoyancy Regulation System for Profiling Floats

In order to accurately control the vertical movement of the profiling float, a variable volume oil bladder buoyancy regulation system that can precisely control the oil volume is proposed, which includes components such as an external oil bladder, a pressurized oil tank, solenoid ball valves with good sealing performance and a hydraulic pump with adjustable speed. The draw-wire displacement sensor is used to collect the liquid level position of the pressurized oil tank in real time to achieve oil volume monitoring and high-precision closed-loop feedback control of the volume of the external oil bladder. By designing a hydraulic system with extremely low leakage, the buoyancy of the system can be stabilized for a long time in the standby mode. In order to accurately control the buoyancy regulation system, a mathematical model of the control system is constructed, a Proportional Integral Differential (PID) control algorithm is introduced, and the stability simulation is carried out by Simulink. The test results show that the system can achieve precise control of buoyancy with a maximum overshoot of less than 1%. The stability and response speed are in line with expectations, which verifies the reliability of the control strategy.