铜产业链GHG排放减量化的探讨

减少GHG排放以应对全球气候变化已成为人类社会的共识.为了探讨铜业GHG排放减量化问题，文中运用生命周期评价（LCA）方法，依据ISO14064定量评估标准，选取中国铜工业普遍采用的火法炼铜工艺，并以紫金山金铜矿为例，具体分析1 t铜生产过程GHG排放情况，从产业链与工艺角度来看，采矿、选矿、熔炼、精炼、电解环节中GHG直接和间接排放比率分别为:4.33%、58.62%、32.12%、2.42%、2.42%.其中选矿和熔炼阶段占90.74%.并以此为基础探讨了铜工业GHG排放减量化的有效途径.其主要结论为:采用循环技术，减少直接GHG排放源；构建闭合型铜生态产业链，减少能源间接GHG排放；完善铜静脉产业，减少其他间接GHG排放. 

GHG emission reduction of copper industry chain

It is a social consensus to reduce GHG emissions to fight global climate change. Based on ISO14064 quantitative evaluation criteria, this paper studies the GHG emission out of producing 1 t copper with pyrometallurgy process in Zijinshan Gold Copper Mine. Life cycle assessment method is adopted in the research. From the perspectives of industrial chain and technology process, the GHG direct and indirect emission ratios from the stages of mining, mineral processing, smelting, refining, electrolytic are 4.33 %, 58.62 %, 32.12 %, 2.42 %, 2.42 % respectively. The mineral processing and smelting stages account for 90.74 %. GHG emissions reduction of copper industry is discussed. The following are some conclusions: the direct GHG emission source can be reduced by using circulating technology; the construction of closed copper ecological industry chain can reduce indirect GHG emission; Establishing copper vein industry can reduce other indirect GHG emission.