铁路钢轨受力分析模型比较研究

为了更准确地分析钢轨应力和列车荷载作用下的受力特性，该文将钢轨看作三维实体，并考虑扣件支承面积的影响，将其视为均布弹簧，建立了更接近实际的力学模型，分析了钢轨在竖向力作用下的应力和位移，并对枕上应力进行了求解，将结果与传统的点支承梁简化模型进行比较，指出了两者之间的相似之处和差异性；同时指出，三维实体方式建模更有利于指导钢轨和轨枕的细部设计。

COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON STRESS ANALYSIS MODEL OF RAILWAY RAILS

In order to analyze the rail stress and its mechanical characteristics under train loading more accurately,the rail is regarded as a three dimensional entity with the consideration of the influence of the supporting area of the fastener considered as the evenly distributed springs,thus establishing the mechanical model closer to the actual condition.Based on the analysis of the rail stress and displacement caused by the vertical force and the solution to the stress above sleeper,the comparison of the calculation results between the established model and the point-supported simplified beam model is made to point out the similarities and differences between them.Meanwhile,it is suggested that the modeling based on the three dimensional entity is more conducive to guiding the detailing of rail and sleeper.