褐家鼠的声行为研究

研究鼠类声行为，对探索鼠害控制的新方法有重要意义。在实验室条件下通过对11只褐家鼠（Rattusnor—vegicus）行为的观察和对860个叫声的分析，初步得知褐家鼠4种明显不同的声行为。单个体见到人时的惊恐叫声呈多谐变频的声谱结构，叫声的持续时间较长，平均在（473土271）ms，通常有3个主要的谐音，MPF为（2820土258）Hz。当两个体一起发生追打时，势弱个体表现出与其行为相应的3种明显不同的叫声：打斗时的惊叫声频率最高，MPF为（5091土1365）Hz，频率范围宽达（9225土3292）Hz，大多是多谐结构；面对势强个体的叫声的振幅低，为（O．44土0．25）V，几呈多谐恒频结构，MPF和频宽分别为（2917土1463）Hz和（4360土3421）Hz；堵挡在通道口的叫声的持续时间长，叫声的频率最低，MPF为（1384土878）Hz。

On Acourstic Behavior of Rattus Norvegicus

It is of great significance to study acoustic behavior of rats in controlling rat damage. There are 4 different acoustic behaviors which have been known through observation of 11 individuals and analysis of their 860 calls of the Rattus norvegicuses. When an individual sees the people, its terrified calls have the spectrum structures of multi-harmonic frequency conversion, and the calls have a long duration of about （473q-271）ms, its MPF is （2 820q-258）Hz and with 3 harmonics. When two individuals are fighting with each other, the weaker one emitted 3 kinds of different calls according to its behaviors： the call it makes in fighting has the highest frequency, its MPF is （5 091±1 365）Hz and the scope of frequency is （9 225±3 292）Hz, and most of them with multiple harmonic structures; the calls it makes when facing stronger one has the lowest amplitude, （0.44±0.25）V, and almost all of them with multi-harmonic constant frequency, its MPF is （2 917±1 463）Hz and the scope of frequency is （4 360±3 421）Hz; the calls it makes when block the passageway has long durations and the lowest frequency, its MPF is （1 384±878）Hz.