自由漂浮空间机械臂非完整运动规划的粒子群优化算法

带空间机械臂航天器系统在无外力矩作用时,系统相对于总质心的动量矩守恒而变为非完整系统,由于非完整约束的不可积性,非完整系统的运动规划与控制比一般系统要困难得多.针对这一问题,利用非完整特性研究自由漂浮空间机械臂的三维姿态运动规划问题,导出带空间机械臂的航天器三维姿态运动数学模型,并将系统的控制问题转化为无漂移系统的非完整运动规划问题.在运动规划中,引入Fourier基函数构成系统控制输入,对基函数的系数向量优化,提出一种应用粒子群优化的最优运动规划数值算法.数值仿真表明该方法对空间机械臂及航天器三维姿态运动的非完整运动规划是有效的.

NONHOLONMIC MOTION PLANNING OF SPACE MANIPULATOR SYSTEM USING PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION

In the case that the total angular momentum conservation about the system center of mass, a torque-free spacecraft system with space manipulators becomes the nonholonomic control system. Due to the nonholonomic characteristic, the motion planning and control of a nonholonomic system is much more difficult than that of a conventional. In terms of the nonholonomic characteristic, the three-dimensional attitude control problem of the free floating space manipulators is investigated. The mathematical model of attitude control of rigid spacecraft with space manipulators is obtained. The control problem of the spacecraft attitude becomes a motion planning problem for a drift free control system. The control input rule is expressed by Fourier orthonormal basis and coefficient vector. Based on the optimal motion planning, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed for free floating space manipulators. The results of numerical simulation indicate that this approach is effective for the motion planning problem of space manipulators.