基于两阶段混合拍卖的虚拟网络资源分配模型*

网络虚拟化技术作为解决当前网络问题的有效手段，仍有很多方面有待提高。针对虚拟网络资源分配方法在分配效率和最大化资源价值存在的问题，提出基于两阶段混合拍卖（Two-Stages Hybrid Auction，T-SHA）的虚拟网络资源分配模型，即第一阶段采用向上叫价式拍卖以及第二阶段采取第一价格密封拍卖的方式。随后结合独立私有价值模型，对混合拍卖的收益、有效性和公平性做了理论上的推导。最后由实验得出结果并推出结论：T-SHA、先到先服务的公平性指数和资源利用率分别为0.58和0.9、0.5和0.78，T-SHA更有助于提升用户之间的公平性。向上叫价拍卖、T-SHA、VCG（ Vickrey–Clarke–Groves）的SP参与率分别为0.7、0.93、0.83， T-SHA可以吸引SP（Service Provider）的参与，从而增加拍卖的激烈程度，提高最终的成交价。

Research of Virtual Network Resource Allocation Model Based on Two-Stages Hybrid Auction

As an effective means to solve the current situation of Internet, network virtualization still faces many challenges. Aiming at the problems existing in distribution efficiency and maximize the value of the virtual network resource allocation, a virtual network resource allocation model based on the Two-Stages Hybrid Auction (T-SHA), analyzes and determines the first stage use the Dutch auction and take the first-price sealed auction in the second stage. Then combined with the independent private value model, the paper makes a theoretical analysis of the expected benefits, the effectiveness and complexity. Finally the experimental results and conclusions: the fairness index of T-SHA, first-come first-service, VCG were 0.58, 0.5, 0.2, T-SHA more helpful to improve the fairness among users than the other two algorithms. In addition, the SP participation rate of the Dutch auction, T-SHA and VCG were 0.7, 0.93, 0.83, which shows that T-SHA can attract the participation of SP and increase the intensity of the auction to improve the final bid.