煤蜡裂解α-烯烃合成PAO基础油及其应用研究

通过蒸汽裂解煤蜡制取α-烯烃，以此为原料在AlCl3／TiCl4复合催化体系下合成聚α-烯烃（PAO）基础油，并通过调和PAO以升级石油型基础油的黏度指数等级。结果表明，在裂解温度为670℃，停留时问为2．5s，水蜡质量比为0．16的条件下，裂解α-烯烃单程收率为28．4％；在催化剂用量（占原料的质量分数）为3％，聚合温度为80℃，聚合时间为3h的条件下，合成PAO的收率为73．27％，其在40，100℃的运动黏度分别为54．75，8．77mm2／s，黏度指数为138．0，凝点为-48℃，主要性质接近FOX公司的PA0—8产品指标；当合成PAO的调和比（占基础油的质量分数）为30％时，石油型基础油的黏度指数由60．7增大至96．0。

Study on synthesis and application of poly alpha olefins based on alpha olefins produced from coal liquefied wax cracking process

Alpha olefins were produced by steam pyrolysis of coal liquefied wax. With AlCl3/TiC14 as catalyst,the obtained alpha olefins were oligomerized into the poly alpha olefins （PAO） base oil. Furthermore,the synthesized PAO were blended with petroleum base stock to upgrade the viscosity index of the base stock. The results showed that the one - pass yield of α - olefin was 28.4% under the pyrolysis conditions of temperature of 670 ℃ ,residence time of 2.5 s,and steam to wax ratio of 0.16. And the yield of PAO reached 73.27% under the oligomerization conditions of catalyst mass fraction of 3% , reaction temperature of 80 ℃, and reaction time of 3 h. The synthesized PAO had the kinematic viscosity of 54.75 mm2/s at 40 ℃ and 8.77 mm2/s at 100 ℃ , viscosity index of 138.0, and freezing point of -48 ℃, which were similar to those of PAO -8 developed by FOX Company. The viscosity index petro- leum base stock could be improved from 60.7 to 96.0 by blending 30% mass fraction of synthesized PAO.