降低小型柴油机排放的试验研究

从生物混合燃料成分、燃烧室结构和排气再循环等方面探索降低柴油机排放的方法。通过对柴油机排放性能的大量试验研究,结果表明:对于直喷式柴油机,生物混合燃料的NOx排放与柴油的排放基本相当,碳烟排放则比柴油有较大幅度的降低,而涡流室柴油机,NOx的排放量却有大幅度的降低,碳烟排放则比直喷式柴油机有更大幅度的降低,生物燃料的添加比例对NOx的排放影响不大。柴油机采用排气再循环技术后,混合燃料的碳烟排放仍比柴油少,混合燃料可以承载一定的EGR率而不增加碳烟排放。排气再循环可以大幅度地降低NOx排放且与EGR率有关,与燃料的性质关系不大。涡流室柴油机采用生物燃料和排气再循环,可以同时降低NOx和碳烟的排放,排放效果非常优良。

Experimental Research on Reducing the Emission of Small Diesel Engine

Blended fuel component, combustion chamber mode and EGR are explored for reducing emission of small diesel engine. Then experimental investigation on emission performance of single-cylinder diesel engine is carried out. The result shows that after using blended fuel, for DI diesel engines, the NOx emission is basically the same, smoke emission greatly decreases. For swirl chamber diesel engine, NOx emission has a large reduction, the smoke emission decreases more greatly than for DI Diesel engine. Increasing ratio of hiofuels has little affect on NOx emissions. For diesel engine with certain rate of EGR, smoke emission of blended fuel reduces without smoke emission increasing. NOx emission is relevant to EGR rate, but it has no close relations with fuel properties. Using biofuel and EGR, emissions effect of swirl chamber diesel engine is very good.