甲基乙二醛毒性机制及天然抑制剂的研究进展

甲基乙二醛（methylglyoxal，MGO）是美拉德反应的中间产物，也是糖酵解的产物。除了人体自身产生的MGO，食品、饮料以及食品加工过程中产生的MGO 会在体内积累，MGO 积累通常与各种慢性疾病相关，如糖尿病、肾病等。该文从MGO 产生及代谢、毒性作用机制、解毒系统的研究现状等方面进行概述，MGO 可直接或间接对机体内线粒体、内质网造成损伤，并激活相关信号通路。人体内MGO 主要依靠乙二醛酶系统解毒，一些天然化学产物因较高的抗糖基化能力可有效清除外源性MGO，应用于食品体系中提高食品安全性。该文概述天然化学产物清除MGO 的研究进展并比较各种天然化学产物抑制MGO 机制，以期为开发新的MGO 抑制剂提供理论依据。

Research Progress on the Toxicity Mechanism of Methylglyoxal and Natural Inhibitors

Methylglyoxal（MGO）is an intermediate product of the Maillard reaction and a product of glycolysis. In addition to the generation in the human body itself，MGO，produced from food，beverages，and food processing，accumulates in the body，which accumulation is often associated with various chronic diseases，such as diabetes，kidney disease，etc. This paper summarized the production and metabolism of MGO，toxicity mechanism，and research status of detoxification system.MGO directly or indirectly causes damage to mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in the body，and activates related signaling pathways. It relies on glyoxalase system for detoxification in human body. Some natural chemical products can effectively remove exogenous MGO due to high anti-glycation ability，and are thus used in food systems to improve food safety. This paper also reviewed the research progress on MGO clearance by natural chemical products and compared their mechanism of inhibition，which provided a theoretical basis for the development of new MGO inhibitors.