西北农村太阳能集中采暖集热器安装场地分析

对西北农村住宅采暖面积、村庄规模及村内住宅建筑密度等问卷调查，分析了农村发展太阳能集中采暖主要限制因素，研究了太阳能集中采暖模式在西北农村的适应性。结果表明，西北农村采用太阳能集中采暖需满足下列条件：集热器安装场地条件，西安农村平均每户需提供集热场地面积为30～40 m2，兰州、银川农村为40～50 m2，乌鲁木齐农村为45～60 m2，西宁、格尔木农村为20～30 m2；农村住宅容积率条件，西安、西宁、格尔木地区农村最低需满足0．38～0．41，兰州、银川、乌鲁木齐地区为0．27～0．31。对比西北农村太阳能集中采暖条件现状及上述限制性条件分析结果得出，西安、兰州地区超过80％的村庄不能提供足够的集中集热场地；西宁、格尔木地区满足住宅建筑容积率条件的村庄不足30％。

Analysis of the northwest rural central solar heating adaptability

A questionnaire investigation was carried out on the residential heating area of northwest rural, village scales and building density.The main limiting factors of the development and the adaptabilities of concentrated solar heating in rural were analyzed. The results showed that the following factors requirements should be satisfied before concentrated solar heating was applied.Firstly,the average area required for collector installation per household was was30 ~ 40 m2 in Xi’an,40 ~ 50 m2 in Lanzhou, Yinchuan,45 ~ 60 m2 in Urumqi,and 20 ~ 30 m2 in Xining and Golmud,respectively.Secondly,the minimum building volume rate required was 0.38~0.41 in Xi’an,Xining and Golmud rural village,0.27~0.31 in Lanzhou,Yinchuan,and Urumqi,respectively.However,the questionnaire investigation of current situation in northwest rural showed that more than 80% of the villages in Xi’an and Lanzhou failed to provide enough space for concentrated heating.Less than 30% of the village had building volume rate that met the requirement.of conditions.