加氢装置防控串压的安全理念及措施

介绍了串压的概念和危害;加氢装置按操作压力分为高、中、低压系统,串压发生在不同压力等级系统连接部位;典型串压分为高压泵、压缩机、高压容器/塔器、多支路系统及特殊部位串压5类。提出了串压防控理念,即按照发现异常并报警、“软件”防控措施、“硬件”防控措施、最终防控措施的顺序逐层深入并实施。给出了防范加氢装置5类串压风险的多层级组合防控措施,这些理念和措施可推及到各类炼化装置供同行参考。

PREVENTION AND CONTROL PHILOSOPHY AND MEASURES FOR MEDIUM BLOW-BY IN HYDROGENATION UNIT

The concept and risks of medium blow-by in hydrogenation unit are introduced.According to the operating pressure,the hydrogenation unit is divided into high pressure,medium pressure and low pressure systems,and medium blow-by occurs in the connection parts of systems with different pressure levels.Typical medium blow-by is divided into five categories,i.e.,medium blow-by in high-pressure pumps,compressors,high-pressure vessels/columns,multi-branch systems and special parts.The prevention and control philosophy for medium blow-by is put forward,that is to carry out the prevention and control step by step in the sequence of anomaly discovery and alarm,software prevention and control measures,hardware prevention and control measures,and final prevention and control measures.The multi-level combined prevention and control measures are given against the five categories of medium blow-by risks in hydrogenation unit.These philosophy and measures can be applied in various refining and petrochemical plants for reference.