烟台市海域水产品中重金属和砷污染状况调查

目的了解烟台市黄、渤海海域常见海产品中重金属含量状况。方法利用原子荧光法及原子吸收分光光度法测定海产品中Hg、Cd、Pb、As、Sb的含量,采用方差分析、单因子污染指数法、金属污染指数法对测定结果进行分析与评价,并将测定结果与其他地区进行比较。结果海产品样品均检出重金属,各类海产品之间重金属含量差异显著;笔管蛸、桃花蛸、扇贝丁、爬虾、螃蟹5种海产品Cd超标,蛏子As超标,其余未超标;螃蟹、爬虾、桃花蛸、笔管蛸及蛏子对重金属富集能力较强。结论烟台市海域海产品中Hg、Cd、Pb、Sb几种金属及砷的含量有差异,其中Cd、As、Pb污染状况较为严重,提示应高度重视近海海域环境污染问题。

Investigation on the contamination of some heavy metals and arsemc in marme products originated from Yantai sea areas

Objective To investigate the contamination status of heavy metals in common marine products originated from the yellow sea and bohai sea areas in Yantai.Methods The levels of Hg,Cd,Pb,As and Sb in marine products were determined by Atomic Fluorescence and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry.The results were analyzed and evaluated by variance analysis,single factor pollution index and metal pollution index,and the results were compared with those from other sea areas.Results The average levels of Hg,Cd,Pb,As,Cu and Sb in marine products were 0.044mg/kg,0.602mg/kg,0.258mg/kg,0.167mg/kg,7.934mg/kg,and 0.0063mg/kg respectively.The severity of contamination of heavy metals was different in various marine products.The contamination of Cd evaluated by single factor pollution index was the worst.The average levels of Cd in squid,short-leg octopus,scallop,edible mantis shrimp,crab and the average levels of As in razor clam were impermissibly high.The average levels of other heavy metals based on the evaluation with the metal pollution index were normal.The abilities of accumulating heavy metals of crab,edible mantis shrimp,short-leg octopus,squid and razor clam were more intensive in comparison with other marine products.Conclusion The distribution of Hg,Cd,Pb,As and Sb in marine products in the yellow sea and bohai sea areas was uneven.The contamination of Cd,As and Pb was especially bad,which indicated that much attention should be devoted to the problem of environmental pollution in offshore and coastal zones.