经直肠／阴道彩色多普勒超声对急诊输尿管下段结石的诊断价值

目的探讨经直肠／阴道彩色多普勒超声对急诊输尿管下段结石的诊断价值。方法对116例急诊输尿管下段结石患者均行经腹彩色多普勒超声（探头频率3．5～5MHz）及经直肠／阴道彩色多普勒超声（探头频率5～8MHz）检查。结果116例输尿管下段结石患者均发生于单侧，其中左侧65例，右侧51例。经腹彩色多普勒超声诊断左侧、右侧输尿管下段结石的敏感性均明显低于经直肠／阴道彩色多普勒超声（26．2％、27．5％vs97．0％、98．0％，均P〈0．01），经腹彩色多普勒超声诊断输尿管下段结石的总敏感性明显低于经直肠／阴道彩色多普勒超声（26．7％vs97．4％，P〈0．01）。结论经直肠／阴道彩色多普勒超声可以弥补经腹二维超声及彩色多普勒超声的不足，可以明显地提高对输尿管下段结石检查的敏感性，特别是在急诊超声诊断中具有优势。

Value of Transrectal/Transvaginal Color Doppler Ultrasound in Emergency Diagnosis of Lower Ureteral Stones

Objective To explore the value of transrectal/transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound in emergency diagnosis of lower ureteral stones. Methods Transabdominal color Doppler ultrasound （3. 5-5 MHz probe） and transrectal/transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound （5-8 MHz probe） were performed in 116 emergency patients with lower ureteral stones. Results The lower ureteral calculi were unilateral in all 116 patients （left-sided in 65 and right-sided in 51）. Compared with transabdominal color Doppler ultrasound, the sensitivity of transrectal/transvaginal ultrasonography for left-sided and right-sided ureteral calculi significantly increased （97. 0% and 98.0% vs 26.2% and 27.5%,respectively,P〈0.01）,and the total sensitivity for lower ureteric stones also obviously increased （97.4% vs 26.7% ,P〈0.01）. Conclusion Transrectal/transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound can make up for deficiencies of transabdominal two-dimensional sonography and color Doppler ultrasound and significantly improve the sensitivity for the examination of lower ureteral stones,especially for emergency ultrasound diagnosis.