环保型溴系阻燃剂在ABS复合材料中的应用

分别采用十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)、四溴双酚A(TBBA)、溴代三嗪(Br N)为阻燃剂和三氧化二锑、氢氧化铝、硅酮粉、抗滴落剂等协效阻燃剂复配,与丙烯腈–丁二烯–苯乙烯塑料(ABS)通过熔融共混挤出制备阻燃ABS复合材料,对比了这3种阻燃剂对复合材料阻燃性能、力学性能、熔体流动性能和热性能的影响。结果表明,添加质量分数为8%的DBDPE即可使ABS复合材料垂直燃烧等级达到V–0级,热变形温度达到74.3℃,但DBDPE对复合材料拉伸、冲击性能及熔体流动性能有较大的负面影响;当3种阻燃剂质量分数均为12%时,添加Br N的复合材料的垂直燃烧等级达到V–0级,缺口冲击强度和热变形温度最高,分别为27.0 k J/m2和74.7℃,热稳定性最好,但拉伸和弯曲强度较低,在相同阻燃剂用量下,添加TBBA的复合材料拉伸、弯曲强度和MFR最大,分别为41.6,60.5 MPa和22.3 g/10 min,但其垂直燃烧等级仅为V–1级。

Application of Environment Friendly Bromine Flame Retardant in ABS Composites

Flame retardants 1,2-bis(pentabromophenyl) ethane (DBDPE),tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBA),tri(tribromophenyl) cyanurate (BrN) which were mixed with synergisticflame retardants such as antimony trioxide,aluminum hydroxide,silicone pow-der and anti-dripping agent and so on were used to blend with ABS for preparingflame-retarded ABS composites through extruder, the effects of the three flame retardants on flame retardancy,mechanical properties,melt flow and thermal performances of the composites were contrasted. The results show that through adding 8% DBDPE,the verticalflammability rank of the ABS composite can reach V–0 and the hot deformation temperature (HDT) achieves 74.3℃,but DBDPE has greater negative impact on the tensile, impact strength and meltflow performance. When the mass fractions of theflame retardants are all 12%,the verticalflammability rank of the ABS composite contained BrN reach V–0 and the notched impact strength and HDT are highest,which is 27.0 kJ/m2 and 74.7℃,the thermal stability is best,but the tensile and bending strength are lower. At the sameflame retardant content (12%), the tensile strength,bending strength and meltflow rate of the composite contained TBBA are highest,which is 41.6,60.5 MPa and 22.3 g/10 min,but the verticalflammability rank is only V–1.