水煤浆气化制氢技术的SWOT分析及建议

为了满足炼油企业日益增长的氢气需要,近年来国内有些炼油企业正在建设或规划建设煤制氢装置,一般采用水煤浆气化制氢技术.使用态势分析法（SWOT）简要分析了水煤浆气化制氢技术的优势、劣势、机会和威胁.分析认为,水煤浆气化制氢的优势在于所用原料廉价易得,劣势主要为投资高、污染高、可靠性差.炼油企业迫切需要大量低成本氢气,同时国家也存在发展水煤浆气化等洁净煤技术的动力,这是水煤浆气化制氢技术发展的外部机遇,但水煤浆气化制氢技术也面临着温室气体减排以及天然气制氢竞争的挑战.建议通过规划建设区域性氢气管网以及优化水煤浆气化制氢技术工艺等方式,扬长避短更好地发展和利用水煤浆气化制氢技术.

SWOT analysis and suggestion for H2 production based on coal water slurry gasification

To meet the increasing demand for hydrogen in petroleum refineries, a number of coal to hy- drogen plants have been built or being built in refineries in China in recent years. Most of these plants have applied coal water slurry gasification process. The advantages, disadvantages, opportunity and threads of coal water slurry gasification technology are analyzed with SWOT. The analysis concludes that, the advantages of coal water slurry gasification technology are cheap and easy feedstock supply, and the disadvantages are high investment, high pollution and poor reliability. As a large amount of low-cost hydrogen is needed in refinery operation, this provides a good opportunity for the development of coal water slurry gasification technologies to produce hydrogen. Whereas, this hydrogen production process also faces the challenges of the regulations of green-house gas emission and challenges of hydrogen production from natural gas. It is recommended to plan the construction of regional hydrogen pipelines and process for hydrogen generation. optimize the application of coal water slurry gasification .