电纺纳米纤维取向对其特性的影响

传统静电纺丝技术制备的纳米纤维在收集装置中随机排列,取向度较低,性能较弱,限制了其应用。有序排列的取向纳米纤维已引起广泛关注。首先综述了采用静电纺丝制备取向纳米纤维的方法,从纳米纤维的导电性能、压电性能、热稳定性、力学性能和光学性能阐述了静电纺丝技术制备的纳米纤维取向对其特性产生的影响。接着,介绍了取向纳米纤维在组织工程、传感器和能源方面的应用。最后,对纳米纤维性能改善的原理进行了总结,并对其发展进行了展望。

Influence of electrospun nanofiber orientation on its properties

The nanofibers prepared by traditional electrospinning technology are randomly arranged in the collection device, due to low degree of orientation and weak properties, limiting their application. Aligned nanofibers can be obtained by improving the collection device, and have great potential in the fields of tissue engineering, sensors, reinforcement materials and energy, and have attracted wide attention from researchers. Nowadays, preparation of high-performance and low-cost nanofiber materials has become the current research goal and trend. The degree of orientation is increased by aligned nanofibers, and the electrical conductivity, piezoelectricity, thermal stability, mechanical property and optical property of the electrospun nanofibers are enhanced. This paper discusses the use of fiber orientation to promote the performance improvement of composite nanofiber materials and their application in the field of materials. The principle that aligned nanofibers have better properties than randomly aligned nanofibers is summarized.