气雾化球形金属粉末形成机理的研究进展

气雾化法是最早用来生产球形金属粉末的技术之一,有力地支持着3D打印技术的发展。由于粉末形成过程复杂,难以直接观察研究,为此研究人员采用仿真模拟的方法再现气雾化过程,揭示粉末形成机理。综述了气雾化过程中气流速度分布特征、金属熔体到粉末过程中破碎、球化、飞行、凝固的理论模型的研究成果,总结了影响粉末颗粒的形成过程相关的物理性能参数与工艺参数。最后指出气雾化制粉理论研究的发展趋势。

Research Progress on the Formation Mechanism of Spherical Metal Powders Prepared by Gas Atomization

Gas atomization is one of the earliest technologies to prepare spherical metal powder,which strongly supports the development of additive manufacturing. Due to the complexity of the powder formation process,it is impossible to observe and study directly. Therefore,simulation becomes the best way to study the gas atomization process and the powder formation mechanism. The theoretical models of gas atomization are summarized,including gas velocity distribution,breakup mechanism and the spheroidization,flight,solidification of liquid droplets. The effects of melt properties and process parameters on the powder formation are also discussed. Finally,the development trends of the theoretical models of gas atomization are pointed out.