生物农药多杀菌素及其结构类似物的研究进展

在日益重视环保的今天,生物农药因其易降解、低残留、低污染、高安全性以及病虫害不易产生抗性等优点已成为世界各国农药学家研究的热点,将引领农药开发新趋势。多杀菌素及其结构类似物作为新型绿色生物农药,其特殊的化学结构决定了独特的作用机理,同时具有生物农药的安全性和化学农药的速效性。在防治农林害虫、储粮害虫、卫生害虫以及牲畜寄生虫上发挥重要作用。通过比较多杀菌素及其结构类似物的理化特性,总结其理化诱变、分子改造、产品研发与应用以及抗性研究等方面的进展,分析生物农药推广的现状和存在问题,提出解决思路,并对其发展前景进行展望。

Research Progress on the Biopesticide Spinosyns and Their Analogues

As the environmental protection has been more and more concerned nowadays, biological pesticides have become a research focus by pesticide researches all over the world due to their advantages of easy degradation, low residue, low pollution, high safety and low generation of resistance in diseases and insect pests, and the development of biological pesticides has become a new trend in leading pesticide research and development. As a new type of green biological pesticide, spinosyns and their analogues have a unique action mechanism due to their special chemical structure. They have both the safety of biological pesticides and the rapid effect of chemical pesticides and play an important role in controlling agricultural and forestry pests, stored grain pests, sanitary pests, and livestock parasites. This study mainly compared the physicochemical properties of biopesticide spinosyns and their analogues, summarized the progress in physicochemical mutagenesis, molecular modification, product research and development and application, and resistance research, analyzed the current situation and existing problems of biological pesticides promotion, proposed solutions, and looked forward to their development prospects.