基于有序充电启动机制和补贴机制的充电负荷接纳能力优化

为了解决配电网和充电站的建设进程与电动汽车的普及速度失配的问题，进行了配电网和充电站充电负荷接纳能力评估及其有序充电优化。分别以配电网运行风险和用户排队时间为指标量化配电网和充电站的接纳能力；提出基于电网公司和充电站运营商主导权的有序充电启动机制；以电价调节增益、盈利额和潜在收益损失分析运营商参与有序充电的经济性问题，并综合各方需求建立有序充电综合目标；综合有序充电的削峰量和配电网的运行风险改善效果评估电网的安全性补贴，从而建立计及电价调节增益和电网安全性改善情况的补贴机制；基于算例仿真评估了不同充电负荷接入方式下配电网的接纳能力和不同容量下充电站的接纳能力，并分析了所提有序充电模型的有效性。

Optimization of charging load acceptance capacity based on ordered charging start-up mechanism and subsidy mechanism

In order to solve the mismatch problem between the construction process of distribution network and charging station with the popularization speed of EVs(Electric Vehicles),the charging load acceptance capacity evaluation and ordered charging optimization of distribution network and charging station are carried out. The acceptance capacity of distribution network and charging station is quantified by the operation risk of distribution network and the queuing time of users respectively. An ordered charging start-up mechanism based on the dominance of power grid companies and charging station operators is proposed. The economic problems of operators participating in ordered charging are analyzed based on the gain of electricity price adjustment, the profit and the potential profit loss. Moreover, the comprehensive target of ordered charging is established based on the needs of all parties. The safety subsidy of power grid is evaluated by integrating the peak load clipping of ordered charging and the operation risk improvement effect of distribution network, and then a subsidy mechanism is proposed that takes the price adjustment gain and the security improvement of power grid into account. Based on example simulations, the acceptance capacity of distribution network under different access modes of charging load and the acceptance capacity of charging station with different capacities are evaluated, and the effectiveness of the proposed ordered charging model is analyzed.