网购密胺餐具的质量分析

目的 测定和分析网购密胺餐具的材质、高锰酸钾消耗量和脱色，研究迁移温度对甲醛迁移量的影响，评估网购密胺餐具的质量。方法 采集网上在售的18批次密胺餐具，通过衰变全反射（Attenuated Total Reflection） 红外法分析密胺餐具和脲醛餐具的特征吸收峰，快速区别密胺餐具和脲醛餐具。依据GB 4806.7-2016《食品安全国家标准 食品接触用塑料材料及制品》对密胺餐具高锰酸钾消耗量、脱色进行了测定和分析。依据GB 4806.6-2016 《食品安全国家标准 食品接触用塑料树脂》对密胺餐具的甲醛迁移量进行测定和分析。结果 脲醛餐具占样品总数44.4%，覆盖密胺涂层的脲醛餐具占样品总数33.3%；11.1%的样品高锰酸钾消耗量不合格；11.1%的样品4%乙酸浸泡液脱色不合格；11.1%的样品甲醛迁移量不合格（4%乙酸，70℃，2h）。结论 本次网上购买的密胺餐具高锰酸钾消耗量、脱色存在不符合GB 4806.7-2016的现象；甲醛迁移量不符合GB 4806.6-2016标准的现象，存在用脲醛餐具替代密胺餐具或是在脲醛餐具上覆盖密胺涂层以次充好的现象。

Quality analysis of melamine tableware purchased online

Objective To investigate the effect of migration temperature on the amount of formaldehyde migration and to evaluate the quality of melamine tableware purchased online. Methods Totally 18 batches of melamine tableware sold on the internet were collected, and the characteristic absorption peaks of melamine tableware and urea formaldehyde tableware were analyzed by decayed total reflection infrared spectroscopy, so as to distinguish melamine tableware and urea formaldehyde tableware quickly. The consumption and decolorization of potassium permanganate in melamine tableware were measured and analyzed according to GB 4806.7-2016 National food safety standard-Plastic materials and products for food contact. Formaldehyde migration of melamine tableware was measured and analyzed according to GB 4806.6-2016 National food safety standard-Plastic resin for food contact. Results Urea-formaldehyde tableware accounted for 44.4% of the total number of samples, and urea-formaldehyde tableware covered with melamine coating accounted for 33.3% totally. The 11.1% of the samples were unqualified for potassium permanganate consumption, 11.1% of the samples were unqualified for decolorization of 4% acetic acid soaking solution, and 11.1% of the samples were unqualified for formaldehyde migration (4% acetic acid, 70 °C, 2 h). Conclusion The melamine tableware purchased online this time has the phenomenon that potassium permanganate consumption, decolorization, and formaldehyde migration do not meet the requirements of the national standard, urea-formaldehyde tableware replaces melamine tableware, or urea-formaldehyde tableware is covered with melamine coating to make it shoddy.