重庆地区辣椒、花椒、八角中真菌毒素污染状况分析

目的 了解重庆地区辣椒、花椒和八角中真菌毒素污染状况。方法 采用随机抽样方法，在重庆地区盘溪、菜园坝和江津三个市场，抽取180批次香辛料样品，采用HPLC-MS/MS检测黄曲霉毒素（AFB1、AFB2、AFG1和AFG2）、赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）和伏马毒素（FB1和FB2）。结果 重庆地区辣椒、花椒和八角中的真菌毒素总检出率分别为60.0%、100%、96.7%。AFs和OTA是三种香辛料最主要的污染毒素，其中AFG2是最主要的黄曲霉代谢产物。盘溪市场的AFs污染总体情况稍好，菜园坝市场AFs污染最严重；江津市场的OTA污染最为严重。结论 香辛料中存在真菌毒素污染，有必要建立香辛料中真菌毒素的限量标准。

Survey on mycotoxin contamination situation in pepper, prickly ash and star anise in Chongqing

Objective To understand the contamination situation of mycotoxin in pepper, prickly ash and star anise at Chongqing. Methods Using the principle of random sampling, 180 samples were collected from Panxi market,Caiyuanba market, and Jiangjin market, to test the aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2), ochratoxin A(OTA) and fumonisin (FB1 and FB2) by using HPLC-MS/MS. Results The total detection rate of mycotoxins in pepper, prickly ash and anise in Chongqing were 60.0%, 100% and 96.7%, respectively. AFs and OTA were the main pollutants in the three kinds of spices. Among AFs, AFG2 was the most significant metabolite of Aspergillus flavus. In addition, the overall situation of AFs pollution in Panxi market was slightly better, the AFs pollution in Caiyuanba market was the most serious, the OTA pollution in Jiangjin market was the most serious. Conclusion It is necessary to establish a limit level for mycotoxins in spices because of mycotoxin contamination in spices.