虚拟手术中软组织形变仿真研究综述

软组织结构是一种非线性、各项异性、近似不可压缩的粘弹性材料体,而软组织变形仿真是虚拟手术系统中最重要的研究方向之一,同时也是难点之一。本文首先对虚拟手术做了大致的介绍,然后重点分析和总结了软组织形变的各种方法,从几何方法到物理方法,从网格模型到无网格模型,并列举了最近几年的研究情况。其中对目前比较流行的有限元方法做了较为详细的说明。最后对未来发展方向进行了展望和总结。

A Survey on Simulation of Soft Tissue Deformation in Virtual Surgery

Human soft tissues generally exhibit complex material perperties such as nonlinearity, anisotropy, incompressibility and viscoelastictity. Soft tissue deformation is one of the most important yet difficult research tasks in virtual surgery. This paper presents a comprehensive survey on simulation of soft tissue deformation in virtual surgery. We first give an introduction of the virtual surgery system. Then we detailed various methods from geometrically-based methods to physically-based methods, from mesh-based models to meshless models. Finally, we describe some promising research directions on this topic.