21世纪的新型功能材料-形状记忆合金

二十一世纪将是材料一电子一体化的世纪。作为新型功能材料家庭中的重要成员，形状记忆合金在工程机械和日常生活中得到了广泛的应用。由形状记忆合金构成的结构简单、控制灵活、功率密度大的各类记忆合金驱动器，在轻型机器人及小型化系统中具有独特的技术优势。本文详细阐明了形状记忆合金的晶体学、热力学特性，概述了该材料的几种典型应用实例。在此基础上，综述了这一功能材料的应用优势。

Novel Functional Material for 21st Century-shape Memory Alloy

st century is a century that the integrated material-electronics becomes more and more important. As A sound member of the new function material family, shape memory alloy(SMA) has been widely used in engineering and daily life. Especially, the simple, light and high power density SMA actuator (SMAA) holds much promise for the future of lightweight robotics and miniaturization. The crystallography and thermodynamics characteristics SMA are discussed in detail as well as typical application examples. Furthermore, the application advantages of this functional material are summarized.