微波辐射对青霉素菌渣破壁效果的影响

引言近年来,我国发酵类制药行业发展迅速,目前抗生素产量已居世界第一位。抗生素菌渣是抗生素发酵工业中的主要固体废弃物,其主要成分包括抗生素菌丝体、剩余培养基成分、发酵中微生物代谢产物及少量的残留抗生素等[1],由于菌渣对人体及环境产生潜在的耐药性风险,依据2008年修订的《国家危险废物名录》,抗生素菌渣被划入危险废物范畴[2]。抗生素菌渣产生量大、含水率高,且含有蛋白质(约占干重的30%~40%)、多糖(10%以上)及麦角固醇(0.5%~1.0%)等营养物质[3],

Effect of microwave on cell wall broken of penicillin fermentation residue

Microwave radiation was used to break cell wall of penicillium fermentation residue.By measuring the changes of protein and polysaccharide content in the supernatant after centrifugation,the effect of different loading time,loading power and initial moisture content of the residue on wall breaking and dewatering performance was investigated.Orthogonal experiment was used to confirm the best loading condition.The results showed that microwave radiation could obviously break the cell wall and improve dewatering performance of the residue.For the penicillium residue with a moisture content of 90%,after radiation of 414 W for 120 s,the content of protein and polysaccharide increased from 110.25 μg·ml^-1 and 28.20 μg·ml^-1 to 265.76 μg·ml^-1 and 93.52 μg·ml^-1 respectively,and moisture decreased from 83.75% to 75.26%.The best loading condition by orthogonal experiment was that penicillium residue with an initial moisture of 90% could reach the best wall-breaking effect after radiation of 414 W for 120 s.