Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) pheromone chemistry and behavioral responses to pheromone components and analogs |
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| Authors: | Peter J Silk L P S Kuenen |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Pheromone Research Group, New Brunswick Research and Productivity Council, College Hill Road, P.O. Box 6000, E3B 5H1 Fredericton, New Brunswick |
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| Abstract: | This paper reviews the sex pheromone chemistry and pheromone-mediated behavior of the spruce budworm and related coniferophagous (Choristoneura) budworms. InC. fumiferana, temporal changes in pheromone-gland monounsaturated fatty acids (pheromone precursors) enable the prediction of the primary sex pheromone components. This technique may also be applicable for predicting additional pheromone components. Tetradecanal (14 Ald), previously shown to enhance close-range precopulatory behavior, lowers the threshold of response by males for upwind flight to a pheromone-component source. Spruce budworm males maintain upwind flight to 955 (E/Z)-1,12-pentadecadiene (diolefin analog) after initiating upwind flight to a primary-component pheromone source (955E/Z11-14Ald). This is the first demonstration of apparently normal male flight responses to a pheromone analog.Lepidoptera: Tortricidae |
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| Keywords: | Choristoneura fumiferana spruce budworm Lepidoptera Tortricidae sex pheromone behavior flight tunnel pheromone analog pheromone fatty acid precursors |
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