金沙江白格堰塞湖处置中水库应急调度经验与启示

2018年10、11月金沙江四川、西藏交界的白格村接连发生两次山体滑波并引发堰塞湖险情。长江水利委员会按照水利部统一部署,及时启动应急响应,科学分析堰塞湖洪水风险,提前研究工程处置方案,科学调度金沙江中游水库,为成功处置这两次堰塞湖险情提供了强有力的技术支撑。详细介绍了溃坝洪水演进过程,以及在处置"11·3"堰塞湖洪水期间,提出的针对堰塞体溃决前后两阶段四步走的腾库实施方案。通过优先使用梨园、阿海、金安桥水库拦蓄洪水,金沙江中游梯级水库约腾出13亿m~3库容消纳溃坝洪水,将金沙江上游万年一遇洪水消减为一般洪水,全力保障下游水库安全,成功实现堰塞湖应急处置。

Experiences and inspirations of reservoir regulation in urgent treatment of Baige barrier lake on Jinsha River

Two consecutive landslides occurred in October 10 and November 3, 2018 at Baige on the border of Sichuan Province and Tibet Autonomous Region and caused barrier lakes on the Jinsha River. In accordance with the unified arrangements of Ministry of Water Resources, Changjiang Water Resources Commission timely started the emergency response mechanism, scientifically analyzed the flood risk of the dammed lake, studied the structural treatment scheme in advance, and reasonably regulated the reservoirs on the middle stream of the Jinsha River, providing powerful technical support for the risk treatment of the dammed lakes. This paper gives a detail introduction to routing process of the dam breaking flood and the 4 cascade reservoir emptying schemes before and after "11.3" barrier lake breaking. By using the reservoirs of Liyuan, A'hai, Jin'anqiao to retain flood, the cascade reservoirs on the middle stream of the Jinsha River emptied 1.3 billion m3 capacity for impounding the dammed lake breaking flood, which reduced the 10000-years flood of the Jinsha River to 1000-years flood and ensured the safety of downstream reservoirs, successfuly treated the risk of the dammed lake.