基于探地雷达技术的水下沉积地形探测应用研究

探地雷达技术作为一种高效无损的电磁波法探测手段,其在淡水介质中电磁波的强穿透弱损耗性及仪器设备操作轻便易使用等特点使得其在探测淡水水道沉积物界面和沉积物富集体识别方面具备天然优势。基于此,利用探地雷达技术对松花江部分江体水道进行综合探测,研究水道沉积物界面分层和沉积物富集体的展布规律及范围。首先通过理论结合实际水域水文地质情况,分析探地雷达技术的可应用条件及特点;其次应用探地雷达技术对实际水道剖面进行探测,对不同地段水道探地雷达探测剖面数据进行反演计算及分析,判断该段水道水深、工程地质分层、地层厚度及沉积物富集体深度位置;最后结合探地雷达探测结果与浅层剖面仪声呐探测结果进行对比,验证探地雷达探测效果的准确性。结果表明:应用探地雷达对淡水水道各个沉积地层进行探测和分层的可行的,且探地雷达探测数据的离散性比浅层面仪声呐探测较小,置信区间大,采信度较高。

Research on underwater sedimentation topography detection based on GPR

As an efficient and nondestructive means of electromagnetic wave detection, ground radar technology (GPR) has natural advantages in detecting sediment interface and identifying sediment enrichment in freshwater waterways because of its strong penetration and weak attenuation of electromagnetic waves in freshwater media and easy operation of instruments and equipment. Based on this, we comprehensively detected some reaches of the Songhua River by ground penetrating radar (GPR) technology and studied the distribution law and scope of sediment stratification and sediment enrichment in waterways. Firstly, the applicable conditions and characteristics of GPR technology were analyzed and discussed in combination of theoretical principle and actual hydrogeological conditions of waters. Secondly, the actual water channel profile was detected by GPR technology and the inversion calculation and analysis were carried out for the detected data in different sections to determine the water depth, engineering geological stratification, stratum thickness and sediment enrichment depth. Finally, the accuracy of GPR detection effect was verified by comparing the detection results of shallow profiler Sonar.The results show that it is feasible to use GPR to detect and delaminate the sediment strata in freshwater waterway, and the discreteness of GPR detection data is smaller than that of shallow profiler Sonar detection, the confidence interval is wider and the reliability is higher.