基于遥感生态指数的区域生态质量评价——以遂宁市船山区为例

通过遥感影像对生态环境质量相对较差地区进行合理评价,能为政府制定精确的生态环境方案保护提供参考依据。基于遥感影像反演的绿度、湿度、热度及干度指标,通过主成分分析法耦合4个指数,得到遥感生态指数,对遂宁市船山区进行生态环境质量评价;利用线性回归模型,分析研究区各指数间的数量关系,通过统计学方法讨论遥感生态指数聚集状态。研究结果表明:植被指数和城市建筑裸土指数对生态环境影响最大;船山区中南部地区生态环境质量相对北部地区较差;热点分析反映了船山区遥感生态指数呈聚集状态,且聚集程度逐年升高,生态环境质量分化愈加明显。1993～2014年,遂宁市船山区遥感生态指数呈先上升后下降趋势,尤其市区逐年下降,主要原因是城区扩张,但总体生态质量较好;热点区域逐年减少,冷点区域集中在主城区附近,冷点区范围逐渐扩张,主城区附近生态质量下降较明显。

Regional ecological quality assessment based on remote sensing ecological index：a case study of Chuanshan District,Suining City,Sichuan

Through remote sensing images, reasonably evaluating the areas with relatively poor ecological environment quality can provide a reference for the government to formulate plans for pointed protection of ecological environment. The greenness, wetness, heat and dryness index based on remote sensing image inversion in Chuanshan District, Suining City were coupled by principal component analysis and the remote sensing ecological index was obtained. Linear regression model was used to analyze the quantitative relationship between the indexes of the study area. The results showed that the NDVI and the NDSI had the greatest impact on the ecological environment; the ecological environment quality in the central and southern regions were worse than that in the northern region; the hotspot analysis reflected the RSEI aggregation in the Chuanshan District. The differentiation of ecological environment quality had become more and more obvious. From 1993 to 2014, the RSEI of Chuanshan District of Suining City increased first and then decreased, especially the value in urban area decreased year by year, which was mainly caused by urban expansion. The overall ecological quality was good, the hotspot area decreased year by year, and the cold spot area of in gradual expansion concentrated around the main urban area, however the ecological quality near the main urban area decreased significantly.