Note: The intermodulation lockin analyzer |
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Authors: | Tholén Erik A Platz Daniel Forchheimer Daniel Schuler Vivien Tholén Mats O Hutter Carsten Haviland David B |
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Affiliation: | Intermodulation Products AB, Stockholm, Sweden. |
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Abstract: | Nonlinear systems can be probed by driving them with two or more pure tones while measuring the intermodulation products of the drive tones in the response. We describe a digital lockin analyzer which is designed explicitly for this purpose. The analyzer is implemented on a field-programmable gate array, providing speed in analysis, real-time feedback, and stability in operation. The use of the analyzer is demonstrated for intermodulation atomic force microscopy. A generalization of the intermodulation spectral technique to arbitrary drive waveforms is discussed. |
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