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Note: The intermodulation lockin analyzer
Authors:Tholén Erik A  Platz Daniel  Forchheimer Daniel  Schuler Vivien  Tholén Mats O  Hutter Carsten  Haviland David B
Affiliation:Intermodulation Products AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
Abstract:Nonlinear systems can be probed by driving them with two or more pure tones while measuring the intermodulation products of the drive tones in the response. We describe a digital lockin analyzer which is designed explicitly for this purpose. The analyzer is implemented on a field-programmable gate array, providing speed in analysis, real-time feedback, and stability in operation. The use of the analyzer is demonstrated for intermodulation atomic force microscopy. A generalization of the intermodulation spectral technique to arbitrary drive waveforms is discussed.
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