VLS and VS effect on ferromagnetic behaviour of SnO2 nanobelts |
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| Authors: | Faheem K. Butt Chuanbao Cao R. Ahmed Waheed S. Khan Zulfiqar Ali Sajad Hussain |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Research Center of Materials Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. Chinafaheem@bit.edu.cn;3. Research Center of Materials Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China;4. Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai, 81310 Johor, Malaysia |
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| Abstract: | Fabrication of SnO2 nanobelts has been carried out by employing vapour liquid solid (VLS) and vapour solid (VS) mechanism. Nanobelts obtained by VLS mechanism were fabricated at relatively low temperature using Fe powders as a catalyst by means of chemical vapour deposition (CVD) technique. Direct thermal evaporation of SnO2 nanobelts was carried out at 1350°C in the atmosphere of Argon gas via VS mechanism. In both cases, ramp rate was adjusted to 10°C/min. The structural, compositional and morphological characterisations of synthesised SnO2 nanobelts were conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X?ray spectroscopy (EDS). Magnetic behaviour of the nanobelts was studied by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Cathodoluminescence (CL) spectra were studied using Renishaw Raman spectroscopy system. The growth of nanobelts is found to be homogeneous and dense. The nanobelts formed by VLS mechanism show ferromagnetic behaviour along with some other exciting results whereas the nanobelts formed by VS mechanism show a diamagnetic behaviour. The observed room temperature ferromagnetism in SnO2 nanobelts is superior to other oxides. |
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| Keywords: | semiconductors chemical vapour deposition oxygen vacancies magnetisation electrical properties |
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