微生物燃料电池技术及其影响因素研究进展

微生物燃料电池(Microbial fuel cell,MFC)作为一种绿色能源技术,通过微生物的氧化代谢作用将废水中的有机质降解的同时产生电能.然而,其相对较低的产电效率限制了MFC的工业化应用.该文介绍了影响MFC性能的诸多因素,如设备的构型限制、电极材料、阳极底物、阳极微生物和质子交换膜等,提出优化MFC的设计,提高MFC的产电性能,降低投入成本可解决MFC产业化应用的弊端,并对未来MFC的发展方向进行了展望.

Research progress of microbial fuel cell technology and influencing factors

The rapid development of industry has caused serious environmental and energy problems that threaten the ecological balance. Therefore, it is of great significance to adopt energy-saving technologies to deal with environmental pollution. As a green energy technology, Microbial fuel cell (MFC) generates electricity by degrading organic matter in wastewater through the oxidative metabolism of microorganisms. However, the current relatively low power generation efficiency limits the industrial application of MFC. The performance of MFC is affected by many factors, such as the configuration limitation of the device, the influence of the electrode material on the extracellular electron transfer yield and the oxygen catalytic reduction reaction, the composition of the substrate, and the cost of the proton exchange membrane. Optimizing the design of MFC, improving the power generation performance of MFC, and reducing the input cost can solve the shortcomings of MFC industrial application. By analyzing the battery configuration, electrode materials, anode microorganisms and proton exchange membrane, the main factors affecting the power generation performance and their solutions are summarized, and the future development direction of MFC is prospected to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the application of MFC technology.