辽宁省春玉米生产水足迹的时空变化研究

为降低农业生产活动中农作物对水资源的高消耗，提高用水效率，借助辽宁省1987—2018年19个气象站点逐日气象数据及春玉米产量数据，全面计算绿水足迹、蓝水足迹及灰水足迹的真实消耗。结果表明：（1）辽宁省春玉米生产水足迹自2002年起变化幅度不明显，多年平均值是1424.21 m³/t，其中绿水足迹占54%，灰水足迹占27%，蓝水足迹占19%。（2）从绿水足迹看，辽宁省春玉米绿水足迹每年以6.28 m³/t速率减少，空间分布上2002年绿水足迹高值区主要集中在东部地区；2010年辽宁省整体绿水足迹较高。（3）从蓝水足迹看，每年以1.06 m³/t的速率增长；2002年辽宁春玉米蓝水足迹高值区主要分布在环渤海、宽甸及其周围地区；2010年，辽宁省大部分地区蓝水足迹较低。（4）灰水足迹整体以每年14.03 m³/t的速率降低，主要与农作物产量及氮肥施用量相关。

Temporal and spatial changes of water footprint in spring corn production in Liaoning province

In order to reduce the high consumption of water resources for crops in agricultural activities and improve water use efficiency, the real consumption of green, blue and gray water footprint is calculated respectively based on the daily meteorological data from 19 stations and spring corn production data of Lia-oning Province from 1987 to 2018. The results show that (1) The water footprint of spring corn production in Liaoning Province has no significant changes since 2002, with a multi-year average value of 1424.21 m³/t. The footprints of green water,gray water and blue water are 54%,27% and 19% respectively. (2) The val-ue of green water footprint of spring corn in Liaoning Province decreases at a rate of 6.28 m³/t per year. In terms of spatial distribution,the high value of green water footprint in 2002 is mainly in the eastern re-gion. The value of green water footprint in Liaoning Province is relatively high in 2010. (3) The value of blue water footprint increases at a rate of 1.06 m³/t per year. The high value of blue water footprint of spring corn in Liaoning Province is mainly in Bohai Sea, Kuandian and their surrounding areas. The value of blue water footprint is relatively low in most areas of Liaoning Province in 2010. (4) The value of gray water footprint decreases at a rate of 14.03 m³/t per year,which is mainly related to crop yield and nitro-gen fertilizer application.