居民小区电动汽车充电负荷有序控制策略

针对当前居民小区电动汽车充电设施建设中遇到的配电变压器供电容量限制及物业管理方缺乏运营积极性等实际困难,研究了电动汽车充电负荷有序控制策略,主要目标包括预防配电变压器过载和实现充电收益最大化。首先提出了网格选取法,在保证变压器不过载运行的同时,灵活规划电动汽车的充电时段。进而基于峰谷分时电价构建了充电电费支出最小的目标函数,并基于遗传算法设计了求取最优网格选取结果的方法与步骤。最后,采用蒙特卡洛法进行算例仿真和分析验证。结果表明:网格选取法隐含了配电容量限制条件,简化了电动汽车的有序充电规划,更利于采用寻优算法进行求解。所求取的有序充电策略能有效实现负荷移峰填谷、降低电费支出,同时提高运营方的充电收益及参与积极性。

A Coordinated Charging Control Strategy for Electric Vehicles Charging Load in Residential Area

The development of electric vehicles(EVs)is facing such actual difficulties as limited capacity of transformer in the residential area and lack of operating motivation on the part of the residential property. To solve these problems, a coordinated control strategy for EV charging load is studied, which is mainly aimed at avoiding transformer overload and maximizing charging income. First, a flexible method, named grid picking method, is proposed to conveniently satisfy transformer capacity and plan the charging period. Second, take minimizing charging expenses as the objective function based on time-of-use electricity price, and design the method and flow of an optimal charging control strategy using the genetic algorithm. Lastly, Monte Carlo method is used to simulate and analyze cases in point. Results show that the implication of transformer capacity limits of the grid picking method can simplify the coordinated charging plan and make it more suitable for solution by the optimization algorithm. The coordinated charging strategy can effectively shift peak load and reduce charging expenses, thereby increasing charging revenues and initiative to operate.