静电纺纳米纤维柔性应变传感器的研究现状

为系统分析静电纺纳米纤维应变传感器的设计方法和材料种类对传感性能的影响，进一步明晰其传感机制，综述了碳纳米纤维、聚偏二氟乙烯和聚氨酯纳米纤维基柔性应变传感器的制备方法，比较了这些传感器的敏感系数、应变范围及稳定性等的优势与缺陷，介绍了静电纺纳米纤维材料应变传感器在人体运动、生命健康监测等领域的研究现状和发展趋势。最后提出传感器基体的应变能力及恢复性对其应变范围及稳定性具有决定性影响，其基体形成的导电网络结构在应变过程中易发生结构损伤，且初始电阻越小，基体及导电网络的有效应变范围越大，传感器的性能越好，认为未来开发具有高应变范围、灵敏性及稳定性的静电纺纳米纤维基应变传感器将是一个重要发展方向。

Research status of flexible strain sensor based on electrospun nanofibers

In order to systematically analyze the effect of design methods and material types of electrospun nanofiber strain sensors on the sensing performance, and further clarify the sensing mechanism thereof, the preparation methods of strain sensors based on carbon nanofibers, polyvinylidene fluoride and polyurethane were described, and the advantages and defects of these strain sensors were compared in terms of gauge factor, strain range, stability, and so on. The research status and development trend of electrospun nanofiber strain sensors in human body movement and health monitoring were introduced. The results indicate that the strain capacity and recovery of the sensor matrix greatly influence the strain range and stability of the sensor. The structure of conductive network formed by the conductive matrix is prone to structural damage during the strain process, and the smaller the initial resistance, the larger the effective strain range of the matrix and the conductive network, and the better the performance of the sensor. The development of electrospun nanofiber strain sensors with high strain range, sensitivity and stability is an important goal in the future.