分层可溶性利多卡因聚合物微针的制备与穿刺效果研究

为研究高效利多卡因分层可溶性微针的制备工艺和皮肤穿刺效果，利用聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）微针模具，选用聚乙烯醇（PVA）、透明质酸钠（HA）和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）为复合材料，探究分步浇铸法和浇注黏合法制备微针阵列。同时，利用显微镜观察微针形态并且测量微针的形态，选用小鼠腹部皮肤进行穿刺试验并进行冷冻切片表征微针穿刺效果。结果表明，利多卡因分层可溶性微针成型率达100 %且成型周期缩短至4 h以内，药物主要集中在450 μm高的微针针体上，微针穿刺皮肤后恰好到达真皮层并且在皮肤上形成约250 μm深的微通道，微针针体能在5 min中内迅速溶解，为麻醉微针透皮给药实际应用提供一定技术依据。

Preparation and Puncturing Effect of Lidocaine-Containing Polymer Microneedles with Stratified Solubility

To understand the preparation process and skin-puncturing effect of microneedles with stratified solubility for efficient use of lidocaine, the polymer microneedles were prepared by two casting methods using polydimethylsiloxane as a negative model and the polyvinyl alcohol/sodium hyaluronate/polyvinylpyrrolidone compound as a composite matrix. The morphology of the resulting polymer microneedles was observed by a microscope, and their height was measured. The puncturing test was conducted on the abdominal skin of a mouse, and then the puncturing effect of microneedles was investigated upon the obtained frozen sections. The experimental results indicated that the lidocaine-containing polymer microneedles achieved a formation rate of 100 %, and lidocaine was mainly distributed in the needle bodies of the microneedles at a height of 450 μm. The microneedles were able to penetrate the skin just after reaching the dermis layer by giving a channel with a depth of about 250 μm through the skin. In addition, 90 wt% of the needle bodies dissolved rapidly within 5 min, and the molding cycle was shortened within 4 hours.