城市内涝区改造措施的降雨径流模拟和评估

鉴于气候影响和城市化引起的内涝灾害频发、经济损失加剧,研究、模拟和评估城市内涝区的改造对策刻不容缓。以R市为例,基于地理信息系统QGIS和暴雨雨洪模型SWMM,构建和模拟城市排水管网改造和三种典型低影响开发(LID)措施,合理确定改造标准,结合措施的建设成本核算,综合评估措施的工程性和经济性。结果表明,排水管网的改造相比LID措施,对内涝抵抗能力的提升效果更为显著,尤其10年一遇管网改造在工程性和经济性上最优。

Modeling and Assessment of Urban Flood Adaptation Measures

Both increasing flood damage and related economic losses are caused by the influence of climate change and urbanization. So, it is urgent to research, simulate and evaluate the reconstructive countermeasures of urban inundate area. This paper took different types of reconstructive countermeasures affecting the effect of municipal drainage and flood preventing for an example. Based on the integration of QGIS and SWMM, the urban drainage network and three kinds of typical LID measures were established. Then the reconstructive standard was determined reasonably. Considering the construction cost calculation, each measure was evaluated synthetically in term of engineering and economy. The results show that the reform of drainage network is more effectively to prevent flood in comparison with the LID measures. Especially once in ten years network reconstructive is the best in engineering and economy.